Dinamika Integrasi Maqasid Syari’ah dalam Pengambilan Kebijakan: Perspektif Analisis Wacana Kritis (Teun van Dijk)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47441/jkp.v21i1.479Keywords:
Maqasid Syariah, Kebijakan Publik, Analisis Wacana Kritis, Tata Kelola, Keadilan SosialAbstract
Integrasi maqasid syariah dalam kebijakan publik di negara-negara Muslim idealnya bertujuan mewujudkan kemaslahatan universal. Namun, dalam praktiknya, integrasi ini sering direduksi menjadi simbol legal-formal yang terlepas dari substansi maqasid, menciptakan kesenjangan antara wacana ideal dan implementasi kebijakan yang inklusif. Studi ini bertujuan mengeksplorasi bagaimana nilai moral Islam dapat memandu pengambilan keputusan publik serta menganalisis relasi kuasa dalam wacana kebijakan. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan menggabungkan analisis normatif Islam dan analisis wacana kritis model Teun A. van Dijk untuk menganalisis hubungan antara bahasa, kognisi sosial, dan kekuasaan. Data bersumber dari literatur akademik dan dokumen kebijakan ekonomi-sosial di Indonesia. Temuan menunjukkan adanya ketegangan antara wacana normatif dan praktik kebijakan. Prinsip maqasid seperti keadilan dan kesejahteraan sering terpinggirkan oleh proses pengambilan keputusan yang pragmatis dan teknokratis. Analisis wacana mengungkapkan bahwa struktur teks kebijakan kerap digunakan untuk melegitimasi ketidaksetaraan atas nama efisiensi dan pembangunan. Integrasi maqasid syariah dan analisis wacana kritis menyediakan lensa evaluatif untuk menilai integritas etis kebijakan sekaligus mengungkap bias ideologis di baliknya. Mengintegrasikan maqasid ke dalam bahasa dan struktur kebijakan merupakan langkah fundamental untuk mendorong tata kelola yang berlandaskan moral dan berkeadilan sosial. Studi ini menawarkan dasar konseptual bagi reformasi kebijakan yang transformatif secara sosial di masa depan.
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